The Milesians came from Galiza ,the other side of the bay.

The Milesians come from Galiza ( North-West of the Celto-Iberian peninsula, Galizians are not an Iberian people but a Celtic one ). Independant Irish and Galizian tradition agree on this point.

The name -galeg-o and -gal-iza- came from the goidelic -old woman- , more convenient the -mother goddess- <<Cail-laech>>. ( In two altars in Sobreira , close to Porto, the name of the mother-goddess in its latinizaded forme read - Calaic-ia- ). ( More on this topic , write in the modern Galizian language can be read in : www.umoncton.ca/soeler/galiza.htm , chapter 1 of the book : Galiza Celta ) .

When the Romans first come to Galiza, the historical Galiza, after crossing the river Douro, they found the first Celtic tribe - the worshipers of -Cail-laech- from were came the first Latin name for the area -Cal-leac-ia- and the name of the people the -Cal-laec-i-. The people local particular celtic hard pronunciation rend it : Gal-leac-ia and -gal-leg-o , from were come the actual name, Galiza. So Galeg-os means the sons of the mother-goddess, and Galiza the -beautifull land of the Moother-goddess of the goidelic Celts.

The Roman general that defeated this Celtic tribe was given the surname of Decimo Junio Brutus the Gal-leac-us ( Calaicus ) . The Latin origin of the radical -gal- could be traced from the early contacts between Latin and Celtic people in Central Europe. ( the name of the today's Polonaise city of KALIZS who give origin to the similar name of Galicja came as well from the mother-goddess, Calleach ). So the Greek -keltoi- become -gal-, -gal-li- for the romans. The names -gaels-, -galeg-, -galos- haven the same origin.

Write tradition is no less wrong that oral tradition. Also, putting in write something doesn't make it more true. Tradition, write and orally, play an important roll helping interpret and to built hypothesis to understand history. Coherency of history can't be negleted.

The point is, not other explanation that the people around the Celtic sea, this triangle extending from the Galizian's Finisterre to the Breizh Finistere to the Kernow Lands End and to South Eire, have had contacts by sea in pre-historic times.

A sail from Galiza to Breizh could be 2 to 3 days away, from Galiza to Kernow 2 to 4 days and from Galiza to Eire can take from 3 to 5 days. And shorter in the all the others cases. If pre-historic people can do such navigation, then more recent, historical people as the Celts, could do it also.

The more traditional way of navigation two thousand year ago could be coastal navigation, it seems to be the simplest way . It is well know that Mediterranean people as well the Vikings use coastal navigation for they salings. There was another kind of navigation who still is in used today and fit better our purpose : follow the predominant winds.

For the area Galiza-Eire, a 480 miles sail or less, both countries are in the same meridian, about 6 degrees west, the navigation could be the eases north-south. The predominant winds are from the west, a reach sail; good weather, anticyclone for the area, the winds are from the NW, a depression in the area the winds are from the SW. To navigated North-South ( Eire-Galiza) or South-North ( Galiza-Eire) will be the eases way because with the western predominant winds we could have a reach or tree quarters back. Also, not need for a compass, the stars can do it, this is south-north navigation. Galiza, Eire are across the bay....

The first historical people of Galiza were goidelic Celts, and this country was heavily settled by Celts before the VI century b.JC. Communication by sea, between the different Celtic countries of the Atlantic land-ends was a reality as archeology prove. It was found traces of brythonic Celts in Galiza from this period ( Briteiros -castro-dun- ) or we know from history that brythonic Celts came to Galiza lately in the V and VI century a.JC, the same people that sail to Armorica from saxom England, to created Breizh. ( Brittany). They know well the other Celtic countries with which they have many contacts. They do not sail to North Spain ( Iberian countries, Astures, Vascones, ...) or Southwest of France ( Aquitanians , also Iberians ) , they came to Armorica ( Breizh ) and Galiza, both Celtic countries. So this is a prove of the sea communication between the different Celtic countries b. JC.

What it is well know from history too is that before the roman colonization at the end of the first century b. JC there was a strong connection by sea, across the Celtic sea between the Celts of the many lands-end : Eire, Galiza, Cymru, Alba,... Descriptions and pictographic pictures of the lather boat are well known.

Galizians fisherman's have being fishing ( and sailing ) in the Celtic sea from centuries, the Gran Sol, the Irish Box, ...On the sea, the best routes are determined by the predominant weather conditions. This route is well establish. The Galizians are born sailors and the North-Atlantic was also part of they own home from centuries.

Legends and myth play an important roll in every Celtic culture. The Celts didn't have any writing, simply do not write, all the knowledge was transmit in oral form. All we know about their knowledge came through other people who interpreted it with the filter of they own knowledge, most they fiercest enemies.

We call most of the Celtic oral tradition myth or legends because they have intermixed natural and supernatural things, possible and impossible, real and imaginary, true and false, .... So we just don't trust people that said true and false, because we do not believe in their purpose, they try to mix-up. For the Celts this was not their intention, what to us appears as supernatural, impossible, imaginary,... was part of their reality,... as is today is in many Celtic countries. Water, rocks, ... nature is supernatural, have specific powers, are part of the real life,... in Galiza this is so strong that you finish believing yourself. People go to specific places, most today with a Christian names and Saints as central figures, to cure of specific ailments.... Serans for the warts, ... Ribacarte to full dead... Ortigueira you go live or dead,... the night of the solstice (Briga) to fall pregnant... the water of the river... the Laxe.. . they are old recipes Celts ... and they work, ...- I know by experience - , it is ready to tell you any Galizian. . ...

I understand too that most of these -myths- were only write in very recent times ( many centuries after and by religious people ) compared with the time of occurrence. This is the case for the Book of Invasions of Eire ( Leabhar Gabhala ). And were done by people who had a big and sometimes a very important knowledge of the Bible and related myths, probably the only people that could write. So they incorporated a lot of Christian and biblical myth.

But it is my understanding that it is easy to build myth over reality and that it is possible to extract from myth some information. These tales were write many centuries after, in a period when Christianity was so powerful and have so much influence over all aspects of life that this is what is most noticed in these relates. The Bible was the Book, the only one, the most important around to whom everything is referred and measured. The important things in history and knowledge were to be found in the Bible, its people, its lands. The Mediterranean world, Hebrews, Egyptians,.. had the most importance, references to this biblical world, they were importantes, they establish the rule, the measure.

We sailed the river Nile, we sailed across the sea, and as Cailleach's navigator, we sailed the Iberian coast to the river Munda. And with our swords and shields we settled on the coast of what you call Portugal. Our life was good. Scota's sons and daughters sailed to Ireland and Scota's grandchildren carried their arms and shields into northern Albyn where they fought the Grog-Magog and Termagol and in honor of their Queen and grandmother they called themselves Scots and their new land Scotland. I and my wife Queen Scota and my grandchildren and our Clan had arrived in the land from the dream time. << CHUCK LARKIN referring to a XIX century write, oral tradition of Scotland>>

I want to notice that in North Galiza there is a river call -Mondego- and close by another call -Mendo-. This is exactly the area were the Galizian tradition place the sail of Iz, son of the Galizian Celtic king Breogam, to Eire, call in the Galizian tradition the green-island. Also Portugal is a recent name and was formed by the scission of the old Galleacia in two kingdoms. South of Galleacia was the Lusitania, the main part of today Portugal, were a river call Mondego is also located, on the border with the historical Galiza.

The Greeks give the name of Esperia and the Romans Hispania from the cartaginese name of the country ( South and Mediterranean side, first till the Ebro river, and lately for the whole area with the exclusion of the West side, Galiza and Lusitania that are naturally separated by mountain chains, the border Spain-Portugal is the most stable and oldest border of all Europe ) , lately for romans purposes only, extending the name to the whole peninsula. Easpain to the mass of land on the East side of the peninsula. The Irish monks applied the name to the whole peninsula. But to the south of Eire lies the only land heavily settled by Celts, that today is call Galiza to remember its first historical settles the goidelic Celts, from where the Gaels come.

So if we take off all reference to the Mediterranean world, all that comes from the biblical myth, there is certainly not much left but, even if corrupt in time, this something that is left, could be compared whit other sources.

Without making any conclusion I would like to refer you to the book of invasions of Eire, who is the oldest in Celtic mythology to my knowledge.

I retain that Scotta marry Mil ( referred also as Mile, Milesius, Golamh,..., many names ) . Both came from the Otherworld, the land of dead. They have sons : Ir, Bregon, Arannan,...The sons and the grand-sons sail to Eire. This is the invasion of the goidelic Celts, the Gaels. Ith the son of Bregon was born in the other land were his father had built this big tower.

Now, in accord with Galiza's tradition, Breogam the -galeg- has build the big lighthouse in Brigantia ( today know as Corunha in Galiza , and rebuild in romans and more recent times exactly in the same place, still a landmark looking to the Celtic sea and remembering every one of this sail more that two thousands years ago, the sailing by Iz = Ith from Galiza to Eire ), he and his sons have sail in a leather boat, a trip of five days, to a green land at the north, just across the sea they use to sail. ( five days is about the time for a sail between Galiza and Eire ). Avenius talking of the -galegs- , the Galizians, made a full descriptions of its lather boats, picture on rocks of the time confirm.

Now the hypothesis of considering the Otherworld of the book of invasion as Galiza and the green land of the galegos as Eire. The hypothesis of identifying Gaels= Galegs is very appalling.

First with a little of knowledge about navigation, it is to realize that a sail from Galiza to Eire and back is a very easy sail in the prevailing wind conditions, a natural way to sail. For a sail of less that 500 miles in the direction south- north and reverse, is of simple navigation even at that old times, specially if you know that the prevailing winds are some times SW and others NW. This would make a perfect navigation and easy land fall in both ways for a sailing craft.

Two, identifying Galiza with the Otherworld, the land of dead, the land of Mile and Scota is not difficult in accord to Galiza's references.

Even today's the west coast of Galiza has the name Coast of dead-. ( interpreted today's reference to the difficult coast and seas is only pure coincidence, the name came from very old times ). But the main reason I want to advance is the deep cult to death, still very alive in the whole country. Celtic tradition oldest of more that 2000 years are still alive (now Christian ) , the living people play death, to escape to dead, many villages conserve this particular tradition. ( Car-aminhal, Rivacarte,... where life fools dead ). The dead are always present on the streets at night, called the -anemas- - a estadeia- in Galizian ( coming from the all goidelic -eistedd- and -ann- meaning - gathering of dead-, and this is exactly what for galizian means ) you can hear then the dark nights of winter as they pull their chains, they mock you,... the Halloween night you see then everywhere. This is true, you can see the dead , ask any Galizian .... . Because the Catholic religion forbidden to believe in not Christian supernatural spirits, Galizians used to said - true, I do not believe in them, but I can do nothing, they do exist ...-

Many aspects of life, in Galiza, reveal this deep identification with the world of the dead. The OtherWorld of the Gaels, the people that emigrated from there, was Galiza the land they know well ( the OtherWorld= the OtherLand = Galiza ) and too the land where the cult to the dead ( Land of Dead = Land the cult to death ) was so deeply enrooted , as still today's, the land of the dead, as today's the West coast of Galiza carry this name.

For the Galizians Breogam is the founding father of the Galiza's Celtic nation and they recognized as such in the actual Galizian national Hymn were they sing to Breogam.

<< Galiza. Fogar de Breogam >> (Galiza. Home of Breogam)

The lighthouse in Brigantia ( Corunha) is still there, in the same place where Ith was born.( Know today's as the Hercules Tower, a name given from a bad interpretation in the last century were the Spanish idea of the supremacy of the Mediterranean world over the Atlantic world was dogma, was, is this tower, the lighthouse emplacement the oldest in the Atlantic world, first build by Breogam and rebuilt many times after always in the same place )

Next, identifying Eire's Bregon with Galiza's Breogam is not really difficult if we know from Eire's invasion book, that the son of Bregon, Ith, was born in the Otherworld and has lived there in a tower build by his father. ( the lighthouse of Art-o-briga, Galizian goidelic for - the bear of the goddess Brig-, the city of Corunha, still today in the same place ).

It is clear that the Gaels came from Galiza, where, the same people are still call -galeg-os-. That Mil and Scotta are born there and that this two names become two Irish names. From Scotta, came the name of a people that later come to Alba and ... history follows. Scota is the wife of Mil. This name, Mil, means, or late is used to means -warrior-. There is even today's in Galiza lots of names of villages who use the old goidelic word - mil = warrior - . Others : Arde-mil ( goidelic for : High-warrior ) , Bel-mil ( warrios of Bel ) , Ante-mil, ....

So, if some invasions of Eire came from the South, they came from Galiza. Galiza and Eire share many traditions, the same goidelic Celtic heritage ( see, in Galizian, Galiza Celta chapter 5 ) and they are just across the bay . You want a better proof, take an old Gaelic dictionary ( the old goidelic roots better ) and you will be happy surprised to translated most of the old Galizians place-names. In the Galiza' place names is write the oldest aspects of the Celtic culture in Europe. Galiza, this great forgotten Celtic land.

(Fragment)

. 17. Four ships' companies strong went Sru out of Egypt. There were twenty-four wedded couples and three hirelings for every ship. Sru and his son Eber Scot, they were the chieftains of the expedition. [It is then that Nenual s. Baath s. Nenual s. Feinius Farsaid, prince of Scythia, died: and] Sru also died immediately after reaching Scythia. 18. Eber Scot took [by force] the kingship of Scythia from the progeny of Nenual, till he fell at the hands of Noemius s. Nenual. There was a contention between Noemius and Boamain s. Eber Scot. Boamain took the kingship till he fell at the hands of Noemius. Noemius took the princedom till he fell at the hands of Ogamain s. Boamain in vengeance for this father. Ogamain took the kingship till he died. Refill s. Noemius took the kingship till he fell at the hands of Tat s. Ogamain. Thereafter Tat fell at the hands of Refloir s. Refill. Thereafter there was a contention for the princedom between Refloir [grandson of Noemius and Agnomain s. Tat, until Refloir fell at the hands of Agnomain. 19, For that reason was the seed of Gaedil driven forth upon the sea, to wit Agnomain and Lamfhind his son, so that they were seven years on the sea, skirting the world on the north side. More than can be reckoned are the hardships which they suffered. [The reason why the name Lamfhind was given to the son of Agnomain was, because not greater was the radiance of candles than his hands, at the towing.] They had three ships with a coupling between them, that none of them should move away from the rest. They had three chieftains after the death of Agnomain on the surface of the great Caspian Sea, Lamfhind and Allot and Caicher the druid. 20. It is Caicher the druid who gave the remedy to them, when the Siren was making melody to them: sleep was overcoming them at the music. This is the remedy which Caicher found for them, to melt wax in their ears. It is Caicher who spoke to them, when the great wind drove them into the Ocean, so that they suffered much with hunger and thirst there: till at the end of a week they reached the great promontory which is northward from the Rhipaean Mountain, and in that promontory they found a spring with the taste of wine, and they feasted there, and were three days and three nights asleep there. But Caicher the druid said: Rise, said he, we shalal not rest until we reach Ireland. What place is that 'Ireland' said Lamfhind s. Agnomain. Further than Scythia is it, said Caicher. It is not ourselves who shall reach it, but our children, at the end of three hundred years from today. 21. Thereafter they settled in the Macotic Marshes, and there a son was born to Lamfhind, Eber Glunfhind: [white marks which were on his knees]. He it is who was chieftain after his father. His grandson was Febri [Glunfhind (Sic)]. His grandson was Nuadu. 22. Brath s. Death s. Ercha s. Allot s. Nuadu s. Nenual s. Febri Glas s. Agni find s. Eber Glunfhind s. Lamfhind s. Agnomain s. Tat s. Agnomain s. Boamain s. Eber Scot s. Sru s. Esru s. Gaedel Glas s. Nel s. Feinius Farsaid: It is that Brath who came out of the Marshes along the Torrian Sea to Crete and to Sicily. They reached spain thereafter. They took Spain by force. 23. As for Agnomain s. Tat, he is the leader of the Gaedil who came out of Scythia. He had two sons, Lamfhind and Allot. Lamfhind had one son, Eber Glunfhind. Allot had a son, Eber Dub, at the same time as the sojourn in the Marshes. They had two grandsons in joint rule, Toithecht s. Tetrech s. Eber Dub, and Nenual s. Febri s. Agni s. Eber Glunfhind; there was also Soithecht s. Mantan s. Caicher. Ucce and Occe, two sons of Allot s. Nenual s. Nemed s. Allot s. Ogamain s. Toithecht s. Tetrech s. Eber Dub s. Allot. 24. Four ships' companies strong came the Gaedil to Spain: in every ship fourteen wedded couples and seven unwed hirelings. Brath, a ship's company. Ucce and Occe, two ships' companies: [Two brethren were they, the sons of Allot s. Nenual s. Nemed s. Allot s. Ogamain], Mantan [s. Caicher the druid s. Ercha s. (Coemthecht)] a ship's company. So they broke three battles after going into Spain: a battle against the Tuscans, a battle against the Langobardi, and a battle against the Barchu. But there came a plague upon them, and four and twenty of their number died, including Occe and Ucce. Out of the two ships none escaped, save twice five men, including En s. Occe and Un s. Ucce. 25. Brath had a good son named Breogan, by whom was built the Tower and the city - Braganza was the city's name. From Breogan's Tower it was that Ireland was seen; an evening of a day of winter Ith s. Breogan saw it. Unde Gilla Coemain cecinit -

- Gaedel Glas, of whom ar the Gaedil, son was he of Nel, with store of wealth: he was mighty west and east, Nel, son of Feinius Farsaid. Feinius had two sons - I speak truth -Nel our father and Nenual, Nel was born at the Tower in the east, Nenual in Scythia, bright as a shield. After Feinius, the hero of ocean, there was great envy between the brethren: Nel slew Nenual, who was not gentle; the High King was expelled. He went into Egypt through valour till he reached powerful Pharao; till he bestowed Scota, of no scanty beauty, the modest, nimble daughter of pharao. Scota bore a son to noble Nel, from whom was born a perfect great race: Gaedel Glas was the name of the man -green were his arms and his vesture. Fierce Esru was son to him, who was a Lord with heavy arms: the son of Esru, Sru of the ancient hosts to whom was meet all the fame attributed to him. Sru son of Esru son of Gaedel, our ancestor, rejoicing in troops, he it is who went northward to his house, over the surface of the red Mare Rubrum. The crews of four ships were the tale of his host along the red Mare Rubrum: in his house of planks, we may say, twenty- four wedded couples. The prince of Scythia, it ws a clear fact, the youth whose name was Nenual, it is then he died yonder in his house - when the Gaedil arrived. Eber Scot of the heroes assumed [the kingdom] over the progeny of Nenual unashamed, till he fell, with no gentle kindness, at the hands of Noemius son of Nenual. The strong son of Eber thereafter, who had the name Boamain, of perfect purity, to the shore of the Caspian Sea was he king, till he fell by the hand of Noemius. Noemius son of Nenual of the strength settled in Scythia, chequered like a shield: the perfect fair prince fell by the hand of Ogamain son of Boamain. Thereafter Ogamain was prince after Noemius of good strength: till he died in his territory, unchurched: after him Refill was king. Thereafter Refill fell by the hand of Tait son of Ogmain: Tait fell, though he was not feeble,' by the hand of Refloir son to Refill. Refloir and Agnomain without blemish, seven years were they in contention, till Refloir fell with tumult by the victorious hand of Agnomain. Noinel and Refill with a [spear] point two sons of Refloir son of Refill, they drove Agnomain out over the raging sea, great and green Good were the chieftains, it was sufficient, who came out of Scythia; Agnomain, Eber without blemish, the two sons of Tait son of Ogamain. Allot, Lamfhind of the green hand, conspicuous the two sons of very bright Agnomain, Caicher and Cing, fame with victory the two good sons of Eber of the red-steed. The number of their ships, three ships coming over heavy waves; three score [the crew] of every ship, a clear saying, and women every third score. Agnomain died, it was no reproach in the islands of the great Caspian Sea. The place where they were for a year they found very secret. They reached the full Libyan Sea, a sailing of six complete summer days; Glas son of Agnomain, who was not dspicable, died there in Cercina. A fair island found they there on the Libyan Sea of warrior- blades: a season over a year, with fame, their sojourn in that island. They sail on the sea, a brilliant fact both by day and by night: the sheen of the hands of lustrous Lamfhind was like to fair candles. Four chieftains had they who were not despicable, after coming over the Libyan Sea: Allot, Lamfhind wsift over the ocean, Cing and his brother Caicher. Caicher found a remedy for them yonder for the melody of the Sirens: this is the remedy that fair Caicher found, to melt wax in their ears. They found a spring and a land at the Rhipaean headland with great might, having the taste of wine thereafter: their thirst overcame them mightily. Soundly, soundly they slept to the end of three days without sorrow, till Caicher the faithful druid wakened the noble men impatiently. It is Caicher, (a brilliant fulfilment!) who made a prophecy to them, at the Rhipaean Mountains with a headland -"We have no rest until Ireland." "In what place is lofty Ireland?" said Lamfhind the violent warrior. "Very far" said Caicher then, "It is not we who reach it, but our children." They advanced in their battalion with venom, southward past the Rhipaean headlands; the progeny of Gaedel, with purity, they landed at the Marshes. A glorious son was born there to Lamfhind son of Agnomain; Eber Glunfhind, pure the gryphon, the curl-haired grandfather of Febri. The family of Gaedel, the brisk and white, were three hundred years in that land: they dwelt there thenceforward, until Brath the victorious came. Brath, the noble son of Faithful Death came to Crete, to Sicily, the crew of four ships of a safe sailing, right-hand to Europe, on to Spain. Occe and Ucce without blemish, the two sons of Allot son of Nenual; Mantan son of Caicher, faithful Brath, they were the four leaders. Fourteen men with their wives made the crew for every ship full of warriors, and six noble hirelings; they won three battles in Spain. Lofty the first battle - I shall not conceal it -which they won against the host of the Tuscans; a battle against tyhe Bachra with violence, and a battle against the Langobardi. It was after the sinister battle that there came to them a plague of one day: the people of the ships of the sons of Allot without fault were all dead except ten persons. Un and En came out of it, two noble sons of the strong chieftains: thereafter was Bregon born, father of Bile the strong and raging. He broke a great number of fights and battles against the many-coloured host of Spain: Bregon of the shouts of valorous deeds, of the combats, by him was built Brigantia. Bregon son of Brath, gentle and good, he had a son, Mil: the seven sons of Mil - good their host -including Eber and Eremon. Along with Dond, and Airech with battle, including Ir, along with Arannan, including Armorgen with bright countenance, and along with Colptha of the sword. The ten sons of Bregon without falsehood, Brega, Fuat, and Murthemne, Cualnge, Cuala, fame though it were, Ebleo, Nar, Ith, and Bile. Ith son of Bregon with tuneful fame came at the first into Ireland: he is the first of men who inhabited it, of the noble seed of the powerful Gaedil.

Celtic Goods